Surveillance of a Model Railway Using a PLC

1.    General

1.1.            Introduction to Sensor Terminology

1.1.1.      Sensor Performance Characteristics Definitions

1.1.2.      Proximity Sensors

1.1.3.      Exemples of Proximity Sensors

1.1.4.      Future of Sensors: Smarter and Smaller



2.    Railway Equipment

2.1     Use of Sensors for Railroad Monitoring

2.1.1. Specific Proximity Sensors

2.1.2. Inductive Proximity Sensors

2.1.2.1 Priciples of Operation for Inductive Proximity Sensors

2.1.2.2 Standard Target for Inductive Proximity Sensors

2.1.2.3 Inductive Proximity Sensors: Design, Selection, Specification and Implementation

             2.1.2.4 Environment

             2.1.2.5 Formula       

2.1.3. Capacitive  Proximity sensors

           2.1.3.1 Introduction

           2.1.3.2 Theory of Operation

           2.1.3.3 Applications

           2.1.3.4 Calculation of Capacitance

           2.1.3.5 Motion Detection

           2.1.3.6 Sensing Characteristics

           2.1.3.7 Signal Conditioning

           2.1.3.8 Hazards

           2.1.3.9 Stability

           2.1.3.10 Formula





3.    Scale Model for Railroad Automation

3.1     Placement Strategy

3.2     Connection

3.3     The Sensors Used



4.    PLC Software – Basic Principles

4.1     PLC – Programmable Logic Controllers

4.1.1        PLC Hardware

4.1.2        Use of PLC for Automation and Monitoring

4.1.3        Railroad Automation

4.2     MODBUS

4.2.1        MODBUS SERIAL TRANSMISSION MODES

4.2.2        MODBUS MESSAGE FRAMING

4.2.3        HOW CHARACTERS ARE TRANSMITTED SERIALLY

4.2.4        MODBUS ADDRESSES

4.2.5        MODBUS FUNCTIONS

4.2.6        MODBUS DATA FIELD

4.2.7        MODBUS ERROR CHECKING

4.3     Railroad Preemption



5.    Virtual Software for Railroad Automation

5.1     Sensor Connection Through Optocoupled Interface

5.2     Way of Connection

5.2.1        Connecting sensors and Execution Devices

5.3     Why optocoupled?

5.4 Software for Finding the Engine Position Using Proximity Sensors



6.    Conclusions



7.    Bibliography

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