Fractura de sold la varstnic

CUPRINS
            I. Capitolul 1. Introducere……………………………………………………………..4
        II. Capitolul  2. Noţiuni de anatomie…………………………………………………...4
              1. Anatomia femurului proximal…………………………………………..4
                            2. Strutura femurului
                proximal……………………………........................6
            3. Vascularizaţia femurului proximal………………………….….………7
      III. Capitolul 3. Osteoporoza: noţiuni generale………………………….……………8
                   1. Definiţie……………………………………………………………….…8
              2. Clasificarea osteoporozei…………………………………………….…9
           3. Factori de risc de osteoporoză………………………………....………11
             4. Patogeneza osteoporozei…………………………………….....…….…12
                 1. Histologia ţesutului osos……………………..………12
                    2. Remodelarea osoasă………………………….………13
                            3. Factori reglatori
                       sistemici……………............………14
                 4. Factori reglatori locali……………………….………16
               5. Anatomie patologică…………………………………………....………17
                  6. Diagnostic……………………………………………………….……….18
               1. Manifestări clinice……………………...........……….18
               2. Explorări paraclinice…………………...........………18
                   7. Tratament……………………………………………………………….21
                                  1. Măsuri
                 generale………………………........................21
               2. Tratament medicamentos…………………..........…..21
       IV. Fractura de şold pe teren osteoporotic…………………………………………….23
            1. Epidemiologie…………………………………………………...............23
       2. Etiopatogeneza fracturilor pe teren osteoporotic…………………….24
                                 1. Factori
                   scheletici……………………………...............24
                    1. Densitatea osoasă diminuată…………24
                                      2. Modificări ale microarhitecturii si
                                         geometriei osoase……………………...25
                     3. Remodelarea osoasă anormală………26
                 2. Factori extrascheletici………………………………..26
                3. Anatomie patologică……………………………………………………28
           4. Clasificarea fracturilor de şold………………………………………...29
            5. Clinica fracturilor de şold…………………………………….………..34
                6. Explorare imagistică……………………………………………………35
          7. Diagnosticul pozitiv şi diferenţial……………………….……………..35
            8. Evoluţie,prognostic,complicaţii………………………………………..36
                   1. Complicaţii generale…………………………………36
                  2. Complcaţii locale………………………..…………....36
                               3. Evoluţie şi
                    prognostic………………………...............37
                         9. Tratamentul fracturilor
                   osteoporotice………………………...............37
                 1. Tratamentul profilactic……………………………...37
                  2. Tratamentul conservator…………………………….38
                  3. Tratamentul chirurgical……………………………..39
               V. Bibliografie………………………………………………………………………….40